Solutions to the Try It Out Exercises in Beginning Programming with Java For Dummies, 6th Edition
by Barry Burd

Chapter 19: Out of Many, One

In this chapter:

Initializing an array

The program in the first part of this exercise has the following output: 
9
21
7
When you uncomment the last System.out.println(myArray[6]) call, you get the following message at runtime: 
java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 6
	at Main.main(Main.java:8)
This message tells you that you can't ask for the value of myArray[6]. In this program, myArray has only six elements, so the elements are named as follows: 
myArray[0]
myArray[1]
myArray[2]
myArray[3]
myArray[4]
myArray[5]
When you separate myArray initialization from the myArray declaration, you get the following error message: 
Array constants can only be used in initializers
In other words, you can't separate an array's initialization from the array's declaration.

Pick an element

public class PickAnElement {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int amounts[] = { 19, 21, 16, 14, 99, 86, 31, 19, 0, 101 };
        int index;
        
        System.out.print("Input a number from 0 to 9: ");
        index = keyboard.nextInt();
        System.out.println(amounts[index]);
    }
}

Display the elements

public class PickAnElement {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int amounts[] = { 19, 21, 16, 14, 99, 86, 31, 19, 0, 101 };

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            System.out.print("The ");
            System.out.print(i);
            System.out.print(" element's value is ");
            System.out.print(amounts[i]);
            System.out.println(".");
        }
    }
}

Display some of the elements

public class DisplayEvens {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int amounts[] = { 19, 21, 16, 14, 99, 86, 31, 19, 0, 101 };

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i += 2) {
            System.out.print(amounts[i]);
            System.out.print(" ");
        }
    }
}

Generating squares

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int squares[] = new int[50];

        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            squares[i] = i * i;
        }

        System.out.println(squares[0]);
        System.out.println(squares[1]);
        System.out.println(squares[2]);
        System.out.println(squares[49]);
    }
}

Find one vacancy

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

public class OneVacancy {

    public static void main(String[] arge) throws FileNotFoundException {
        Scanner diskScanner = new Scanner(new File("occupancy"));
        int guestsIn[];
        guestsIn = new int[10];

        for (int roomNum = 0; roomNum < 10; roomNum++) {
            guestsIn[roomNum] = diskScanner.nextInt();
        }

        int roomNum = 0;
        while (roomNum < 10 && guestsIn[roomNum] != 0) {
            roomNum++;
        }
        
        if (roomNum < 10) {
            System.out.print("Room ");
            System.out.print(roomNum);
            System.out.println(" is vacant.");
        } else {
            System.out.println("No vacancy");
        }

        diskScanner.close();
    }
}

Select a room

import java.util.Scanner;
import static java.lang.System.out;

public class AddGuests {

    public static void main(String[] arge) {
        Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
        int numGuests;
        int guestsIn[];
        guestsIn = new int[10];

        for (int roomNum = 0; roomNum < 10; roomNum++) {
            guestsIn[roomNum] = 0;
        }

        do {
            int whichRoom = 0;
            while (whichRoom < 10 && guestsIn[whichRoom] != 0) {
                whichRoom++;
            }

            if (whichRoom < 10) {
                out.print("Room ");
                out.println(whichRoom);
                out.print("How many guests? ");
                numGuests = keyboard.nextInt();
                guestsIn[whichRoom] = numGuests;
            } else {
                System.out.println("No vacancy");
            }
            
            out.println();
            out.println("Room\tGuests");
            for (int roomNum = 0; roomNum < 10; roomNum++) {
                out.print(roomNum);
                out.print("\t");
                out.println(guestsIn[roomNum]);
            } 
            
            out.println();
            out.print("Do another? ");
        } while (keyboard.findWithinHorizon(".", 0).charAt(0) == 'Y');

        keyboard.close();
    }
}

How many guests?

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

public class HowManyGuests {

    public static void main(String[] arge) throws FileNotFoundException {
        Scanner diskScanner = new Scanner(new File("occupancy"));
        int guestsIn[];
        guestsIn = new int[10];
        int numberOfGuests = 0;

        for (int roomNum = 0; roomNum < 10; roomNum++) {
            guestsIn[roomNum] = diskScanner.nextInt();
        }

        for (int roomNum = 0; roomNum < 10; roomNum++) {
            numberOfGuests += guestsIn[roomNum];
        }

        System.out.print("There are ");
        System.out.print(numberOfGuests);
        System.out.println(" in the hotel.");
        
        diskScanner.close();
    }
}

An array of strings

public class MeetingRooms {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        var roomName = new String[7];

        roomName[0] = "Liberty Bell";
        roomName[1] = "Mummers";
        roomName[2] = "Rocky Balboa";
        roomName[3] = "Cheesesteak";
        roomName[4] = "Hoagie";
        roomName[5] = "Water Ice";
        roomName[6] = "El Train";

        for (int index = 0; index < roomName.length; index++) {
            System.out.println(roomName[index]);
        }
    }
}

An array of purchases

public class Purchase {
    double unitPrice;
    int quantity;
    boolean taxable;

    public double getAmount() {
        double total = unitPrice * quantity;
        if (taxable) {
            total = total * 1.05;
        }
        return total;
    }
}

public class MakePurchases {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Purchase[] purchases = new Purchase[3];

        purchases[0] = new Purchase();
        purchases[0].unitPrice = 5.25;
        purchases[0].quantity = 5;
        purchases[0].taxable = false;

        purchases[1] = new Purchase();
        purchases[1].unitPrice = 10.00;
        purchases[1].quantity = 2;
        purchases[1].taxable = true;

        purchases[2] = new Purchase();
        purchases[2].unitPrice = 103.77;
        purchases[2].quantity = 3;
        purchases[2].taxable = false;

        for (Purchase purchase : purchases) {
            System.out.println(purchase.getAmount());
        }
    }
}

Fun with word order

import java.util.Scanner;

public class WordOrder {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);

        String[] strings = new String[6];

        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            strings[i] = keyboard.next();
        }

        for (int lineNumber = 0; lineNumber < 6; lineNumber++) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
                if (i < lineNumber) {
                    System.out.print(strings[i + 1] + " ");
                } else if (i == lineNumber) {
                    System.out.print(strings[0] + " ");
                } else {
                    System.out.print(strings[i] + " ");
                }
            }
            System.out.println();
        }

        keyboard.close();
    }

}

Parallel arrays

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ParallelArrays {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        char[] cipher = { 's', 'f', 'k', 'l', 'd', 'o', 'h', 'z', 'm', 'b',
                't', 'a', 'n', 'g', 'u', 'v', 'i', 'q', 'x', 'w', 'y', 'c',
                'j', 'r', 'p', 'e' };
        char[] plain =  { 'e', 'q', 's', 'f', 'i', 'n', 'h', 'u', 'r', 'k',
                'g', 'z', 'c', 'y', 'x', 'l', 'm', 'd', 'w', 'a', 'b', 't',
                'p', 'j', 'v', 'o' };
        
        Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
        
        char input = keyboard.findWithinHorizon(".", 0).charAt(0);
        
        int index = 0;
        while (index < 26 && cipher[index] != input) {
            index++;
        }
        
        if (index < 26) {
            System.out.println(plain[index]);
        }
        
        keyboard.close();

    }

}

Deciphering ciphertext

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Ciphertext {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        char[] cipher = { 's', 'f', 'k', 'l', 'd', 'o', 'h', 'z', 'm', 'b',
                't', 'a', 'n', 'g', 'u', 'v', 'i', 'q', 'x', 'w', 'y', 'c',
                'j', 'r', 'p', 'e' };
        char[] plain =  { 'e', 'q', 's', 'f', 'i', 'n', 'h', 'u', 'r', 'k',
                'g', 'z', 'c', 'y', 'x', 'l', 'm', 'd', 'w', 'a', 'b', 't',
                'p', 'j', 'v', 'o' };
        
        Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
        
        char input = keyboard.findWithinHorizon(".", 0).charAt(0);
        
        while (input != ' ') {
            int index = 0;
            while (index < 26 && cipher[index] != input) {
                index++;
            }

            if (index < 26) {
                System.out.print(plain[index]);
            }
            input = keyboard.findWithinHorizon(".", 0).charAt(0);
        }

        keyboard.close();

    }

}

The name game

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class NameGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        var names = new ArrayList();
        var diskScanner = new Scanner(new File("names.txt"));

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            names.add(diskScanner.nextLine());
        }

        names.add(0, names.remove(4));
        names.add(3, names.remove(2));

        display(names);
    }

    static void display(ArrayList names) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            System.out.println(names.get(i));
        }
    }
}

Find the largest value

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class FindLargest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        var list = new ArrayList();
        list.add(85);
        list.add(19);
        list.add(0);
        list.add(103);
        list.add(13);

        int largest = -100000;
        for (Integer number : list) {
            if (number > largest) {
                largest = number;
            }
        }

        System.out.println(largest);
    }
}

Get your ducks in a row

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Ducks {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        var keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);

        var list = new ArrayList();
        list.add("Alan");
        list.add("Barry");
        list.add("Harriet");
        list.add("Jennie");
        list.add("Sam");

        System.out.print("Enter a word: ");
        var word = keyboard.next();

        var index = 0;
        while (index < list.size() && word.compareToIgnoreCase(list.get(index)) > 0) {
            index++;
        }
        list.add(index, word);

        for (String name : list) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }
    }
}